Work it out.
Calculators
Hydraulic cylinder force
Fysik: F = p × A
Cylinder speed & oil volume
Fysik: v = Q / A
Gear ratio, speed & torque
Fysik: i = z₂ / z₁
Power, torque & rpm
Fysik: P = 2π·n·M / 60
PTO shaft torque at standard speed
ISO 500 / DIN 9611 (PTO-akslens standardhastigheder 540 og 1000 o/min)
Front loader/skid steer loader – rated operating capacity (ROC)
SAE J818 (Rated Operating Capacity for læssere: ROC = 50 % af statisk vippelast for hjullæssere, 35 % for bælte-/larvefodslæssere)
Soil quantity – from bank to loose volume (bulking factor)
Svulmefaktorer (branchetal fra anlægsgeoteknik/entreprenørfaget, jf. Caterpillar Performance Handbook-tabeller)
Front axle lead
Landbrugsmekanik – traktor-/dækfabrikanters specifikation (typisk fremtræk 1-4 %, fx John Deere +1,5 til +4 %)
Wheel slip in fieldwork
Landbrugsmekanik – standard afstandsmetode for hjulslip (ASABE-praksis: anbefalet 8-15 % afhængig af 2WD/4WD og jordtype)
Bolt torque – preload (K-factor method)
K-faktor-metoden T = K·D·F (nut factor, almindelig maskinelement-/fastgørelsesteknik; K ≈ 0,20 tør/ubehandlet stål, ≈ 0,15 smurt)
Average ground pressure of a tracked vehicle
Statik/geoteknik – gennemsnitligt fladetryk = vægt / kontaktareal (standardnøgletal for bæltemaskiners bæreevne)
Belt tension – frequency method
Remspændings-frekvensmetode (branchestandard hos remproducenter, fx Gates/Optibelt/Contitech: T = m·(2·L·f)²)
Diesel engine displacement
Geometri (cylindervolumen: V = π/4 × D² × L)
Battery reserve capacity
Tommelfingerregel (batteribranchen, ud fra RC-mærkeværdien testet ved 25 A, jf. IEC/EN-batteristandarder)
Compressed air receiver – filling time
Fysik/pneumatik (standard dimensioneringsmetode: fyldetid = volumen × trykstigning / kompressorens fri luftydelse)
Funnel and hopper
Exact flat pattern
Bent bracket
Exact flat pattern
Screw conveyor flight
Approximate flat pattern
Part-cylindrical jacket
Exact flat pattern
Wheel arch repair panel
Exact flat pattern
Cyclone and dust separator
Exact flat pattern
Tools that work in all subjects
Whatever your programme is called, these tools calculate the same — Pythagoras, area, percentages and units are not tied to one trade.
- Pythagorasa² + b² = c²Find the missing side, set out a right angle, check whether a room is square, and find the space diagonal.
- Area and perimeterm²Rectangle, triangle, trapezium, circle and composite shapes — area and perimeter.
- Volume and surface aream³ · lBox, cylinder, cone, sphere, pyramid, prism, pipe and frustum — also in litres.
- Percent%Percentage of, how many per cent, percentage change, discount and VAT.
- Scale and ratios1 : 50From drawing to reality, area and volume to scale, the rule of three and dividing in a ratio.
- Unit convertermm ↔ mFrom mm to km, Pa to bar and kB to GB — with the unit staircase.
- Time calculations and the clockt : minTime between two clock times, add time, and 1.75 h = 1 h 45 min for the timesheet.
- Slope and fall% · ° · 1:xFall from level to level, in per cent, per mille, degrees and mm per metre — and the height difference.
- Material consumption including wastem² + %Boards, paint, battens at c/c spacing and packs — for a composite surface or a whole room, with waste.