Detailed pages on the forklift trade's equipment — forklift types, lifting gear, safety and warning equipment, traffic safety and fuels: use, certificate category, standards and what you need to know to choose the right one for the job.
Forklift types
The classic forklift truck (cert. B)
Self-propelled truck with a counterweight behind the front axle, which the driver sits or stands on. Requires certificate B. Available with electric, gas, diesel or hydrogen drive. Capacity and load centre are read off the truck's load chart (DS/EN ISO 3691-1).
Narrow aisles and high stacking (cert. B)
A truck whose mast can be driven forward (»reach«), so it works in narrower aisles than a counterbalance truck and stacks high. Requires certificate B. Stability and residual capacity are read off the load chart (DS/EN ISO 3691-1).
Very narrow racking aisles, man-up/man-down (cert. B)
Very Narrow Aisle truck for very narrow racking aisles, often with a raised operator position (man-up). Requires certificate B; minimum cab height and working width are given in the purchasing checklist (DS/EN ISO 3691-3).
Lift above 1 m with outriggers (cert. A)
Self-propelled pedestrian stacker with stabilising legs under the load, operated on foot. Lifts above 1 m and requires certificate A. For lighter stacking and picking (DS/EN ISO 3691-5).
Lift below 1 m — typically no certificate required
A low-lift, often electrically driven pallet truck for floor-level transport. With a lift height limited to max. 1 m (1-metre stop), it typically falls outside the certificate requirement. Always assess the specific machine.
The operator is raised to picking height
A truck with an elevated operator position for manual picking from racking. Covered by the standard for trucks with an elevated operator position and order pickers (DS/EN ISO 3691-3).
For long items in narrow aisles
A truck that lifts from the side and/or can travel in four directions — well suited to long items such as profiles, sheets and pipes. Capacity is read off the load chart (the DS/EN ISO 3691 series).
Lifting gear & accessories
Fork extensions, clamps, mandrels, jib arm, etc.
Fork extensions (max. 50 % longer than the original), clamps, mandrels, jib arm, drum rotator, vacuum beam and magnets. All attachments must be CE-marked and have their own load chart for the truck + attachment combination (BFA »Trucks« p. 11).
Kæder, slæde, hydraulikcylindre og mastprofiler
Bærende dele af mastanlægget: løftekæder (stål, rulleleddede), slæde, hydraulikcylindre og mastprofiler i duplex- eller triplexudførelse. Kæder efterses visuelt ved det daglige eftersyn og kontrolleres af sagkyndig ved det lovpligtige 12-månederseftersyn — strakt, knækket eller revnet kæde kræver omgående udskiftning (BFA »Trucks« 2023, s. 23).
Safety equipment
Protects the operator in the event of a tip-over or falling objects
Operator protection against tipping over (ROPS) and falling objects (FOPS) plus a seat belt that must always be worn. It keeps the operator inside the protective structure if the forklift tips over (BFA »Trucks« p. 5).
Reversing alarm, LED spotlight, roof beacon and mirrors
Reversing alarm, blue/red LED spotlight for floor marking, amber roof beacon and mirrors that make the forklift visible and warn pedestrians. Reduces the risk of collisions (BFA »Trucks« pp. 7–8).
Personløft kun under særlige forhold
Godkendt mandskabskurv til brug på gaffeltruckens gafler — tillader personløft kun under særlige forhold. Skal CE-mærkes, have eget belastningsdiagram og gennemgå statisk belastningsprøve ved det årlige hovedeftersyn. Personløft med gaffeltruck er ikke en normal arbejdsmetode (BFA »Trucks« s. 12; At-vejledning B.2.3.1-1).
Traffic safety measures
Steel and plastic guardrails, walkway railings and floor marking
Rigid steel and yielding plastic barriers, corner, pipe and fire-extinguisher protection, physical pedestrian guards and floor line-marking that separate pedestrians and vehicles in the warehouse (BFA »Trucks« p. 9).
Speed limiting, zone and collision systems
Speed limiting (e.g. 5 km/h when passing others), collision and zone systems, plus a mast camera with monitor. Helps the operator keep an overview and stay within speed rules (BFA »Trucks« p. 8).
Fysisk adskillelse af gående og kørende
Faste eller fjernbare gangværn (rørværn, kæde, bøjler) og gulvafstribning i gul/hvid, der markerer og adskiller gangarealer fra truckkørsel. Afgørende for at forebygge de hyppigste truckuheld, der sker, når gående og kørende er i samme zone (BFA »Trucks« 2023, s. 7–9). Pris afhænger af løsning, omfang og montering — indhent tilbud hos leverandør.
Fuel/power source & tyres
Li-ion/lead-acid, gas systems and fuel cell
Li-ion and lead-acid batteries with charging stations, gas cylinders/tank systems and fuel cell (hydrogen). The choice of power source determines whether the truck may operate indoors — diesel essentially cannot (BFA »Trucks« pp. 12–13).
Solid rubber vs. pneumatic tyres
Solid rubber and pneumatic tyres affect the vibration level, the surface and ride comfort. Choose them according to the surface and use; the vibration level is stated in the user manual (BFA »Trucks« p. 22).
Opladning, ventilation og brandsikring
Ladestationer til Li-ion- og blybatterier til elektriske gaffeltrucks. Li-ion kan mellemoplades i pauser og afgiver ingen gasser; blybatterier kræver ventilation under opladning (gassende). Begge typer kræver afmærket ladezone, brandforebyggende foranstaltninger og montering efter leverandørens anvisning. Pris afhænger af type, effekt og spænding — indhent tilbud hos leverandør. Kilde: BFA »Trucks« (2023), s. 12–13.